`
wjm901215
  • 浏览: 147667 次
  • 性别: Icon_minigender_1
  • 来自: 杭州
社区版块
存档分类
最新评论

ASP.NET 2.0个性化配置(profile)

阅读更多

为每个用户存储配置信息
强类型 长期保存 支持匿名用户
定义配置(profile

<shape id="_x0000_i1026" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape><?xmlversion="1.0"?>
<shape id="_x0000_i1027" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<shape id="_x0000_i1028" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<configurationxmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/.NetConfiguration/v2.0">
<shape id="_x0000_i1029" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<appSettings/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1030" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<connectionStrings>
<shape id="_x0000_i1031" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<addname="Northwind"connectionString="Server=localhost;IntegratedSecurity=True;Database=Northwind"providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1032" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</connectionStrings>
<shape id="_x0000_i1033" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<system.web>
<shape id="_x0000_i1034" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<shape id="_x0000_i1035" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<anonymousIdentificationenabled="true"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1036" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<profile> //
定义配置(profile
<shape id="_x0000_i1037" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<properties>
<shape id="_x0000_i1038" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<addname="Theme"allowAnonymous="true"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1039" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<addname="LastVisit"type="System.DateTime"allowAnonymous="true"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1040" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</properties>
<shape id="_x0000_i1041" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</profile>
<shape id="_x0000_i1042" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<!--
<shape id="_x0000_i1043" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape><webParts> //
定义配置(webParts
<shape id="_x0000_i1044" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape><personalizationdefaultProvider="AspNetSqlPersonalizationProvider"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1045" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape></webParts>
<shape id="_x0000_i1046" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>-->

<shape id="_x0000_i1047" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<!--
<shape id="_x0000_i1048" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>Setcompilationdebug="true"toinsertdebuggingsymbolsintothecompiledpage.
<shape id="_x0000_i1049" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>Becausethisaffectsperformance,setthisvaluetotrueonlyduringdevelopment.
<shape id="_x0000_i1050" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>-->

<shape id="_x0000_i1051" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<compilationdebug="true">
<shape id="_x0000_i1052" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<expressionBuilders>
<shape id="_x0000_i1053" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<addexpressionPrefix="Version"type="VersionExpressionBuilder"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1054" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</expressionBuilders>
<shape id="_x0000_i1055" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</compilation>
<shape id="_x0000_i1056" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<!--
<shape id="_x0000_i1057" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>The<authentication>sectionenablesconfigurationofthesecurityauthentication
<shape id="_x0000_i1058" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>modeusedbyASP.NETtoidentifyanincominguser.
<shape id="_x0000_i1059" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>-->

<shape id="_x0000_i1060" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<authenticationmode="Windows"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1061" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<!--
<shape id="_x0000_i1062" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>The<customErrors>sectionenablesconfigurationofwhattodoif/whenanunhandled
<shape id="_x0000_i1063" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>erroroccursduringtheexecutionofarequest.Specifically,itenablesdevelopers
<shape id="_x0000_i1064" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>toconfigurehtmlerrorpagestobedisplayedinplaceofaerrorstacktrace.
<shape id="_x0000_i1065" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>-->

<shape id="_x0000_i1066" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<customErrorsmode="RemoteOnly"defaultRedirect="GenericErrorPage.htm">
<shape id="_x0000_i1067" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
<!--
<shape id="_x0000_i1068" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape><errorstatusCode="403"redirect="NoAccess.htm"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1069" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape><errorstatusCode="404"redirect="FileNotFound.htm"/>
<shape id="_x0000_i1070" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>-->

<shape id="_x0000_i1071" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</customErrors>
<shape id="_x0000_i1072" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</system.web>
<shape id="_x0000_i1073" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>
</configuration>
<shape id="_x0000_i1074" style="WIDTH: 8.25pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" o:href="http://ghd258.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif"></imagedata></shape>


使用配置(profile
//increment the current user's post cout
profile.posts
profile.posts+1
// update the current user's last post date
profile.lastpost
datetime.now

个性化数据将存入数据库

介绍
Microsoft ASP.NET 2.0
支持被称为Profile的新对象,它可以自动在多个Web应用程序的访问之间存储用户信息。一个User Profile中可以存储各种类型的信息,这些信息既可以是简单的stringinteger类型,也可以是复杂的自定义类型。例如,你可以存储用户的姓、购物篮、用户属性或网站使用情况统计。
本文中,你将学习如何在一个应用中定义user profile。我们也会向你演示如何配置使用不同providerprofile。最后,你将学习如何管理和生成user profile的报告。

User Profiles总揽
Profile
对象与Session对象十分相似,但是更好用一些。与Session相似的地方在于,Profile是相对于一个特定的用户的,也就是说,每个Web应用程序的用户都有他们自己的profile对象。与Session不同的是,Profile对象是持久对象。如果你向Session中添加一个项,在你离开网站时,该项就会消失。而Profile则完全不同,当你修改Profile的状态时,修改在多个访问之间均有效。

profile使用provider模式来存储信息,默认情况下,user profile的内容会保存在SQL Server Express数据库中,该数据库位于网站的App_Data目录。然而,在本文的后半部分,你将了解如何使用其他数据提供者(data provider)来存储信息,如完整版的SQL Server中的一个数据库或者一个Oracle数据库。

Session不同,Profile是强类型的,Session对象仅仅是一个项集合而已,而profile对象则有强类型属性。
使用强类型是有它的道理的。例如,使用强类型,你就可以在Microsoft Visual Web Developer中使用智能感知技术,当你键入Profile和一个点的时候,智能感知会弹出你已经定义过的profile属性列表。

定义user profile
你既可以在machine.config中,也可以在web.config中定义一个user profile,由于你不能在应用程序的二级目录中创建一个包含文件profile节的web.config文件,这意味着你将无法在一个应用程序中定义两个以上的profile
在列表1web.config中,列举了一个简单的profile定义的实例,该profile有三个属性,FirstName, LastNamePageVisits

列表1
<configuration>
<system.web>
<authenticationmode="Forms"/>

<anonymousIdentificationenabled="true"/>

<profile>
<properties>
<add
name="FirstName"
defaultValue
="??"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
<add
name="LastName"
defaultValue
="??"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
<add
name="PageVisits"
type
="Int32"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
</properties>
</profile>
</system.web>
</configuration>


由于该profile需要同时被匿名用户和已认证用户使用,因此我们在web.config文件中增加包含一个< anonymousIdentification>元素,有了这个元素,系统就会自动为匿名用户生成唯一的ID。仔细看的话我们会发现,每一个 profile属性都有一个allowAnonymous特性,该特性表明这个profile属性是否允许被匿名用户使用。

默认的profile属性类型是System.String类型。列表1中,由于没有为FirstNameLastName这两个profile属性增加type特性,那么系统默认它们是string类型,而PageVisits属性则指定了type特性为Int32,因此该profile属性可用于表示一个整型值。

最后,注意FirstNameLastName属性都有defaultValue特性。你可以为简单的数据类型设置defaultValue特性,但你不能为复杂类型设置defaultValue特性。

当你定义好一个profile之后,系统会自动在下一次页面被调用时,生成一个与该profile相对应的类。这个类会被保存在"Temporary ASP.NET Files Directory"目录(该目录也用于存放用于动态生成页面的类)。你可以使用HttpContextProfile属性(Property)调用该类。
当你定义好一个profile后,你可以使用如下方法为profile属性赋值。

[VisualBasic.NET]
Profile.FirstName="Bill"

[C#]
Profile.FirstName="Bill";

任何在web.config中定义的profile属性都会在Profile对象中呈现。
列表2演示了你该如何使用profile来持久化保存用户信息。这个页显示了FirstName,LastName, PageVisits三个属性的值,同时它包含了一个能够用于修改这三个属性的表单(form)。在Page_Load中更新PageVisits的值,这意味着每一次刷新页面,PageVisits的值都会改变。

<shape id="_x0000_i1075" style="WIDTH: 310.5pt; HEIGHT: 273pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.gif" o:href="http://tonyqus.cnblogs.com/images/cnblogs_com/tonyqus/43400/o_userprofiles_fig01.gif"></imagedata></shape>

1 使用简单的profile

列表 2. Simple.aspx (C#)
<%@PageLanguage="C#"%>
<scriptrunat="server">

voidPage_Load(){
Profile.PageVisits++;
}

voidUpdateProfile(Objects,EventArgse){
Profile.FirstName=txtFirstName.Text;
Profile.LastName=txtLastName.Text;
}

</script>

<html>
<head>
<title>Simple</title>
</head>
<body>
<formid="form1"runat="server">
<b>Name:</b><%=Profile.FirstName%><%=Profile.LastName%>
<br/>
<b>PageVisits:</b><%=Profile.PageVisits%>

<hr/>

<b>FirstName:</b>
<asp:TextBoxID="txtFirstName"Runat="Server"/>
<br/>
<b>LastName:</b>
<asp:TextBoxID="txtLastName"Runat="Server"/>
<br/>
<asp:ButtonID="Button1"
Text="UpdateProfile"
OnClick="UpdateProfile"
Runat="server"/>

</form>
</body>
</html>

如果你多次访问列表2中的页面,你会注意到PageVisits在不断增大。如果你关闭的浏览器,并在一周之后调用该页面,PageVisits属性仍然会保留原值。从这一点可以看出Profile为每个用户自动保存一个副本。

使用Profile

尽管你仅可以为一个应用程序定义一个profile,但如果你需要让几个profile属性一起工作,把它们放在组中,会让你觉得它们更易管理。

例如,在列表3中,有一个带有两个组的profile,这两个组分别是AddressPreferences

列表3. Web.Config
<configuration>
<system.web>

<anonymousIdentificationenabled="true"/>

<profile>
<properties>
<groupname="Address">
<add
name="Street"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
<add
name="City"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
</group>
<groupname="Preferences">
<add
name="ReceiveNewsletter"
type
="Boolean"
defaultValue
="false"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
</group>
</properties>
</profile>
</system.web>
</configuration>


当你用组来定义profile时,你应该使用组名来设置或读取profile属性。例如,在列表3中,你可以使用以下一些句子来完成三个profile属性的赋值。

[C#]

Profile.Address.City="Modesto";
Profile.Address.Street="111KingArthurLn";
Profile.Preferences.ReceiveNewsletter=
false;

一个profile的定义只能包含一层组,换句话说,你不能把其他的组放在一个profile组的下面一层。

使用复杂的profile属性

到目前为止,我们已经介绍了声明包含简单类型(如string或整型)属性的profile,其实你也可以在profile中声明复杂属性。
举个例子,假设你现在需要在profile中存储一个购物篮,如果这样做的话,你就可以在每次访问网站时获得自己的购物篮。
列表4 声明了一个包含profile,这个profile包含一个名为ShoppingCart的属性,而该属性的type特性是一个叫ShoppingCart的类(我们接下来会创建该类),该类名是有效的。
我们还会注意到,该声明中包含一个serializeAs特性,该特性可以帮助ShoppingCart使用二进制序列化器(binary serializer)进行持久化,而不是使用xml序列化器。

列表4 Web.config

<
configuration>
<system.web>

<anonymousIdentificationenabled="true"/>

<profile>
<properties>
<add
name="ShoppingCart"
type
="ShoppingCart"
serializeAs
="Binary"
allowAnonymous
="true"/>
</properties>
</profile>
</system.web>
</configuration>


列表5 中有一个简单购物篮的实现代码,该购物篮拥有添加和删除项(item)的方法(method),同时它还拥有两个属性(property),一个是用于获得该购物篮中的所有项的,一个是用于表示所有商品的总价的。

列表5 ShoppingCart (c#)

using
System;
usingSystem.Collections;

[Serializable]
publicclassShoppingCart
{
publicHashtable_CartItems=newHashtable();

//ReturnalltheitemsfromtheShoppingCart
publicICollectionCartItems
{
get{return_CartItems.Values;}
}

//Thesumtotaloftheprices
publicdecimalTotal
{
get
{
decimalsum=0;
foreach(CartItemitemin_CartItems.Values)
sum+=item.Price*item.Quantity;
returnsum;
}
}

//Addanewitemtotheshoppingcart
publicvoidAddItem(intID,stringName,decimalPrice)
{
CartItemitem=(CartItem)_CartItems[ID];
if(item==null)
_CartItems.Add(ID,
newCartItem(ID,Name,Price));
else
{
item.Quantity++;
_CartItems[ID]=item;
}
}

//Removeanitemfromtheshoppingcart
publicvoidRemoveItem(intID)
{
CartItemitem=(CartItem)_CartItems[ID];
if(item==null)
return;
item.Quantity--;
if(item.Quantity==0)
_CartItems.Remove(ID);
else
_CartItems[ID]=item;
}

}

[Serializable]
publicclassCartItem
{
privateint_ID;
privatestring_Name;
privatedecimal_Price;
privateint_Quantity=1;

publicintID
{
get{return_ID;}
}

publicstringName
{
get{return_Name;}
}

publicdecimalPrice
{
get{return_Price;}
}

publicintQuantity
{
get{return_Quantity;}
set{_Quantity=value;}
}

publicCartItem(intID,stringName,decimalPrice)
{
_ID=ID;
_Name=Name;
_Price=Price;
}
}


如果你把列表5中的代码添加到应用程序的App_Code目录中,购物篮会自动被编译。

在列表5中有一点值得注意,那就是ShoppingCartCartItem类都加上了可序列化的特性,这一点对于他们能否被序列化十分重要,只有这样才能保存在Profile对象中。

最后,列表6的页面显示了可以被添加到购物篮中的产品。购物篮是通过BindShoppingCart方法从Profile对象中载入,该方法把购物篮中的对象绑定到一个GridView对象上,这些对象可以通过ShoppingCart类的CartItems属性获得。

<shape id="_x0000_i1076" style="WIDTH: 337.5pt; HEIGHT: 242.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME~1%5Cadmin%5CLOCALS~1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image004.gif" o:href="http://tonyqus.cnblogs.com/images/cnblogs_com/tonyqus/43400/o_userprofiles_fig02.gif"></imagedata></shape>
2 profile中存储购物篮

AddCartItem方法用于在购物篮中添加一个产品,该方法中包含了检测Profile是否存在ShoppingCart的代码。对于Profile中存储的对象,你必须自己实例化这些对象,他们不会自动实例化。

RemoveCartItem方法用于从购物篮中移除一个产品,该方法只是简单地通过调用Profile中的ShoppingCart对象的RemoveItem方法。

列表 6. Products.aspx (C#)

<%@PageLanguage="C#"%>
<%@ImportNamespace="System.Globalization"%>
<scriptrunat="server">

voidPage_Load(){
if(!IsPostBack)
BindShoppingCart();
}

voidBindShoppingCart()
{
if(Profile.ShoppingCart!=null)
{
CartGrid.DataSource=Profile.ShoppingCart.CartItems;
CartGrid.DataBind();
lblTotal.Text=Profile.ShoppingCart.Total.ToString("c");
}
}

voidAddCartItem(Objects,EventArgse)
{
GridViewRowrow=ProductGrid.SelectedRow;

intID=(int)ProductGrid.SelectedDataKey.Value;
StringName=row.Cells[1].Text;
decimalPrice=Decimal.Parse(row.Cells[2].Text,
NumberStyles.Currency);

if(Profile.ShoppingCart==null)
Profile.ShoppingCart=
newShoppingCart();

Profile.ShoppingCart.AddItem(ID,Name,Price);
BindShoppingCart();
}

voidRemoveCartItem(Objects,EventArgse)
{
intID=(int)CartGrid.Selecte

分享到:
评论

相关推荐

Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics